The Intriguing World of Seaweeds
Freiburg, 04.06.2010
Recently, the characterization of brown seaweeds has taken a giant step forward with the decoding of the complete genome of one of these organisms (Ectocarpus siliculosus) by an international consortium led by Dr. Mark Cock from the Biological Station Roscoff (Bretagne, France). Two researchers from the University of Freiburg, Dr. Stefan Rensing and Dr. Daniel Lang (Faculty of Biology), contributed to the analysis of the genome by performing a classification and phylogenetic analysis of the encoded transcription factors as well as an analysis of the seaweeds’ genome history.
In many parts of the world's coastline, if you could walk down the beach and
out under the waves, along the seabed you would find yourself in a dense
undersea forest. These forests are dominated by a strange group of organisms,
the brown seaweeds, which have many unusual properties. Some species of brown
algae can grow to great lengths and would tower over you up to heights of more
than 60 meters in the undersea forest.
Despite a superficial resemblance to terrestrial plants, brown seaweeds have
had a completely different evolutionary history. They are almost as closely
related to humans as they are to flowering plants, with whom they share the
fact that they are multicellular. Brown seaweeds have atypical metabolisms,
making them a very interesting source of novel biomolecules with applications
in a range of domains. For example, brown seaweeds have long been exploited for
the polysaccharides they produce, which are used in the pharmaceutical, food,
and textile industries, and more recently they have been shown to contain a
molecule that stimulates the natural defense responses of crop plants, reducing
the need for pesticide treatments. The availability of a complete inventory of
the genetic information possessed by the brown seaweed Ectocarpus siliculosus will greatly accelerate efforts to
understand the biology of these fascinating organisms in the coming years.
Publication:
Nature: The Ectocarpus genome and the independent evolution of multicellularity in the brown algae.
Cock J.M., Sterck L., Rouzé P., Scornet D., Allen A.E., Amoutzias G., Anthouard V., Artiguenave F., Aury J.-M., Badger J.H., Beszteri B., Billiau K., Bonnet E., Bothwell J.H.F., Bowler C., Boyen C., Brownlee C., Carrano C.J., Charrier B., Cho G.Y., Coelho S.M., Collén J., Corre E., Delage L., Delaroque N., Dittami S.M., Doulbeau S., Elias M., Farnham G., Gachon C.M.M., Gschloessl B., Heesch S., Jabbari K., Jubin C., Kawai H., Kimura K., Kloareg B., Küpper F.C., Lang D., Le Bail A., Leblanc C., Lerouge P., Lohr M., Lopez P.J., Martens C., Maumus F., Michel G., Miranda-Saavedra D., Morales J., Moreau H., Motomura T., Nagasato C., Napoli C.A., Nelson D.R., Nyvall-Collén P., Peters A.F., Pommier C., Potin P., Poulain J., Quesneville H., Read B., Rensing S.A., Ritter A., Rousvoal S., Samanta M., Samson G., Schroeder D.C., Ségurens B., Strittmatter M., Tonon T., Tregear J., Valentin K., von Dassow P., Yamagishi T., Van de Peer Y., Wincker P. (2010) The Ectocarpus genome and the independent evolution of multicellularity in the brown algae.
Published online: 03. Juni 2010, doi:10.1038/nature09016
Kontakt:
PD Dr. Stefan A. Rensing
Lecturer Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
FRISYS, Faculty of Biology
University of Freiburg
Tel.: 0049 (0) 761/203-6974
Fax: 0049 (0) 761/203-2921
E-Mail:
stefan-rensing@biologie.uni-freiburg.de
http://plantco.de/